© The Stop

The Stop


Icons target

Status

ongoing

Icons use case study city info

City

Toronto

Icons use case study main actors

Main actors

City Government, Regional Government, National Government, Private Sector, NGO / Philanthropy, Community / Citizen Group

Icons use case study project area

Project area

Whole City/Administrative Region

Icons use case study duration

Duration

Ongoing since 1998

The Stop has pioneered a transformation from a traditional charity-model food bank to a new, empowerment model of ‘community food centre’.

Under the leadership of its recently retired CEO, Nick Saul, the Stop has pioneered a transformation from a traditional charity-model food bank, that distributes (often inferior quality) food on an emergency basis to people on low incomes, to a new, human rights-based, empowerment model of ‘community food centre’.

Its mission is "to increase access to healthy food in a manner that maintains dignity, builds health and community, and challenges inequality."  The Stop responds directly to the immediate needs of residents, in terms of providing dignified access to good food; however it has a strong focus on the structural causes of food insecurity and food poverty. It builds skills in food growing, preparation, cooking, and preserving;  and works with its clients to build levels of food literacy, and their capacity to become advocates in their own right to address pressing social issues that drive food insecurity, such as the cost of housing, transport, welfare benefit levels and low wages.

The Stop has transformed the lives of the people who work, volunteer and use its services; and it has inspired a new vision of 'community food centres' in Canada, transitioning away from the traditional charity model of food banks. 

Sustainable Development Goals

End hunger, achieve food security and improve nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture
Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages
Reduce inequality within and among countries
Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels
City
Toronto, Canada

Size and population development
The 2016 census record the population of the city of Toronto at 2,731,57. The city covers an area of 630 square kilometres with a density of 4,334 per km2. The population grew by 4.5% between the 2011 and 2016 census.

Population composition
According the 2016 Census data, persons aged 14 years and under made up 14.5% of the population, and those aged 65 years and over made up 15.6%. The median age was 39.3 years. The city's gender population is 52% female and 48% male. In 2016, foreign-born persons made up 47% of the population. The two largest ethnic origins overall were Chinese (332,830 or 12.5%), and English (331,890 or 12.3%). Common regions of ethnic origin were European (47.9%), Asian (including middle-Eastern – 40.1%), African (5.5%), Latin/Central/South American (4.2%), and North American aboriginal (1.2). The most commonly reported religion in Toronto was Christianity, adhered to by 54.1% of the population. A plurality, 28.2%, of the city's population was Catholic, followed by Protestants (11.9%), Christian Orthodox (4.3%), and members of other Christian denominations (9.7%). Other religions practised in the city are Islam (8.2%), Hindusim (5.6%), Judaism (3.8%), Buddhism (2.7%), and Sikhism (0.8%). Those with no religious affiliation made up 24.2% of the population. While English was the predominant language spoken, many other languages have considerable numbers of local speakers. Chinese and Italian are the second and third most widely spoken languages at work.

Main functions
Toronto is the provincial capital of Ontario and the most populous city in Canada. Its location on the north-western shore of Lake Ontario, which forms part of the border between Canada and the United States, and its access to Atlantic shipping via the St. Lawrence Seaway and to major U.S. industrial centres via the Great have enabled Toronto to become an important international trading centre.

Main industries / business
Toronto is an international centre for business and finance. The city is home to the Toronto Stock Exchange, the headquarters of Canada's five largest banks and many large Canadian and multinational corporations. Toronto’s economy is highly diversified with strengths in technology, film and television production, design, life sciences, education, fashion, environmental innovation, food services, and tourism.

Sources for city budget
The city's revenues include subsidies from the Government of Canada and the Government of Ontario, 33% from property tax, 6% from the land transfer tax and the rest from other tax revenues and user fees.

Political structure
Toronto is a single-tier municipality governed by a mayor-council system. The Mayor of Toronto is elected by direct popular vote to serve as the chief executive of the city. The City Council is comprised of 26 directly elected members. The Mayor and members of the city council serve four-year terms without term limits.

Administrative structure
The decision-making process at the City of Toronto involves committees that report to City Council. Committees propose, review and discuss policies and recommendations before they are given to the councillors for debate and resolution at weekly meetings. Citizens and residents can only make deputations on policy to committees, citizens cannot make public presentations to City Council. Each City Councillor sits on one committee. The Mayor is a member of all committees and is entitled to one vote. There are three types of committees at the City of Toronto: Executive Committee, Standing Committees and other Committees of Council.

The Stop was founded in the early 1980s at St Stephen in the Fields Parish, as one of Canada's first food banks. In common with the food bank sector, it was established as a temporary, emergency entity to address what was thought to be a temporary problem of food insecurity. Food insecurity, however, has only increased, to the point in 2014 where Toronto has an estimated child poverty rate of 30%. Food banks have mushroomed as has demand for their services. Hence former CEO Nick Saul's conviction that food banks have in many ways become part of the problem, rather than part of the solution, insofar as their very existence as a bandaid measure to food poverty masks the need to tackle the underlying structural causes: high housing costs, low welfare benefit rates, poverty wages and precarious employment, amongst others. This is why he and his team set about the transformation of the Stop into an empowerment-focused community food centre, beginning in the early 2000s. 

 The Stop's objectives are: 
 
- to meet basic food needs of its clients
- to foster opportunities for community members to build mutual support networks
- to enable community members to connect to important resources
- to empower members to 'find their voices on the underlying causes of hunger and poverty'

The Stop has two locations: a main office at 1884 Davenport Road where staff provide frontline services to the local community, including a drop-infood bank, perinatal program, community action program, bake ovens and marketscommunity cooking, community advocacy, sustainable food systems education and urban agriculture. The Stop’s Green Barn, located in the Wychwood Barns at 601 Christie Street, is a sustainable food production and education centre that houses a state-of-the-art greenhouse, food systems education programs, a sheltered garden, our Global Roots Garden, community bake oven and compost demonstration centre.

Participation is a key part of the Stop's philosophy and approach: 
 
"A key tenet...is that community members must be involved in making decisions about how our organisation operates. When program participants are involved -- as front-line volunteers, program advisory committee members, gardeners or cooks -- the stigma associated with receiving free food is often diminished or erased. While our food access programming helps confront the issue of hunger, it also creates opportunities for community members to forge their own responses to hunger. We believe this approach will end the way charity divides us as a society into the powerful and the powerless, the self-sufficient and the shamed. At The Stop, we are creating a new model to fight poverty and hunger: a community food centre."

The Stop receives its funding from a range of sources, as follows (2014): 

- Philanthropic foundations - 30%
- Social Enterprise revenue streams - 7%
- Events - 20%
- Food donations - 16%
- Corporate and organisational sponsorships - 8%
- individual donations - 12%
- Government funding - 8% 
 
In addition, the Stop relies heavily on hundreds of volunteers at its two sites. The combined hours worked by its volunteers in 2014 totalled nearly 40,000; and the organisation had 189 urban agriculture volunteers. 
The Stop has transformed itself from a conventional charity-based food bank, to a multi-functional centre of empowerment and dignity. In the process it has created an entirely new model of organisation working for food justice: the community food centre. This is a very important achievement whose effects will be felt throughout Canada and internationally. 
 
An evaluation of the Stop's peer advocacy programs, undertaken in 2013, found the following benefits and impacts: 

- Community Advocates 'provide a variety of material and informational supports to community members', helping them resolve the issues they were facing, principally concerning welfare benefits, housing, mental health and medical issues, and legal matters

- Service Users highly valued the peer nature of the Advocates - that they were from the community they were serving- as well as the dignified and respectful way in which they were treated 

- the Advocates themselves reported benefits such as gaining new skills and knowledge, social networks and friendships, enhanced confidence, and a sense of satisfaction in undertaking meaningful work for their community. 

In the first years of its transformation to becoming a Community Food Centre, the Stop experienced a number of internal conflicts with long-time volunteers, who were comfortable with the traditional charity approach to emergency food relief, and didn't like the new approach that Nick Saul was trying to achieve. These tensions led to some volunteers leaving, but they did not deflect the organisation from its transition; the strong support of the Board for Saul's vision was important in this being achieved.

The Stop has shown that the traditional food bank charity model does not have to replicated and further entrenched, year after year. The vision of Nick Saul, founded on the conviction that the human right to adequate food can be made real and meaningful for every person, has driven forward a transformation in how the emergency food relief sector can conceive of itself. Everywhere across the global north, demand for food banks is rising, as inequality increases and austerity budgets cut further into public services and welfare benefit provision. The need for powerful advocacy from those most affected by these processes is overwhelming, and the Stop has shown how this can be achieved. Its model is eminently transferable to any culturally and socio-economically comparable context, especially the United States, Britain and Australia.

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Nick Rose
Melbourne , Australia

Nick Rose

Individual | Food Systems Coordinator, Sustain: The Australian Food Network

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